Brief Biography of John Steinbeck Essay -- John Steinbeck Writers Amer

Brief Biography of John SteinbeckJohn Steinbeck lead a life filled with words, from his purity winning novels to the hundreds letters he wrote to friends during his career. He was born in Salinas, California on February 27, 1902, and lived there for the showtime sixteen years of his life until he calibrated from Salinas High School in 1918. He took classes at Stanford, but washed-out more of his college years working to pay tuition than then he spent in the classroom. 1924 brought his first publication, two short stories in the Standford Spectator, but in 1925 he left his schooling and went to new(a) York for a time. By 1926, he was acantha in California and his first book, Cup of Gold, was produce the year the of great stock market crash, but had little success. In 1930, he married carol Henning, and the two lived in Pacific Grove, CA for the next several years. These years were lean Steinbeck was having trouble selling his work, even with the help of his literary agents, McI ntosh and Otis. Often, selling a short story for 50$ or so was the difference between eating or not. In 1937, though, Steinbeck got his first taste of real success. Now animation in Los Gatos, California, he had four novels and a play published in just three years. He burst onto the literary scene with Of Mice and Men, and published the first three parts of The Red Pony the same year. The play of Of Mice and Men went on stage and won the Drama Critics Circle Award. The next year, he published The Long Valley and the last part of The Red Pony. His big project for the year, however, was working and researching a great novel, to be published in 1939 under the entitle The Grapes of Wrath. With this book, Steinbeck insured his future in the literary world. The book was so controversial that Steinbeck had to worry about attempts on his life or reputation even now, it (along with Of Mice and Men) frequently are found on lists of commonly banned books. It was so well thought of that it e arned him a Pulitzer Prize. It was so influential that President Franklin D. Roosevlet met with Steinbeck personally subsequently a letter to the President from Steinbeck about the German influence in Mexico. Steinbeck had been in Mexico working on a film, and throughout the rest of his life, motion pictures were a second medium for him. The film of Of Mice and Men was released in 1939, and the film of The Grapes of Wrath came out ... ... n7 p4(6).Kelly, Dusty. The Kurt Vonnegut Artificial Family Utopia. World Wide Web Page http//www.geocities.com/Athens/Delphi/5885/Mack, Arien ed. bag A Place in the World. New York New York University Press, 1993.Morrow, Jeff. Personal Interview. April 23, 1998.Noble, Donald R. ed. The Steinbeck Question New Essays in Criticism. Troy, New York, 1993.Pipher, Mary. Reviving Ophelia. New York Ballantine Books, 1994.Reed, Peter J. and Marc Leeds eds. The Vonnegut Chronicles Interviews and Essays. Westport, CT Greenwood Press, 1996.Steinbeck, John. A Life in Letters. New York Penguin Books, 1969.Steinbeck, John. The Grapes of Wrath. New York Penguin Books, 1930.Swerdlow, Amy, et al. Families in Flux. New York The Feminist Press,1989.Timmerman, John H. John Steinbecks Fiction The Aesthetics of the Road Taken. Norman University of Oklahoma Press, 1986.Vonnegut, Kurt. Slapstick. New York Dell Publishing, 1976.Weiten, Wayne. Psychology Themes and Variations, Third Edition. Pacific Grove Brooks/Cole Publishing Company, 1997.Wyatt, David ed. New Essays on The Grapes of Wrath. Cambridge Cambridge University Press, 1990.

Choosing A Car Essay example -- essays research papers

Choosing the Right VehicleChoosing a car these days can be a hassle. in that respect ar so m each advertisements in the automobile industry trying to get you to but their vehicle. You end up choosing a vehicle with a guileful advertising jingle or phrase. Then later come to realize you are not satisfied with your decision, because of your lack of patience and lack to do any type of research on the vehicles of interest. Many times you end up limiting yourself to only a few selections. Then make your decision establish on a familiar vehicle name rather than what type of vehicle suits you best. You should never make a decision based on a familiar name. There is too much information to be concerned with, for you to take aim a vehicle based on a name you are familiar with. Purchasing a vehicle is a major expense. It is something that should be carefully though about. Your vehicle is your shield to protect you from other bad drivers. You should choose a vehicle that is safe. Thanks to technology automobiles are becoming more and more safe each year, with the emergence of air bags. Safety is just iodin of the many aspects you should look into when choosing a vehicle. Avilez 2Perhaps the most important aspect you should look into when choosing a vehicle is the cost. You want a vehicle that testament fit your budget, as well as something that is economical. When you do research on an automobile you can get an idea of what amount the vehicle you want ordinarily sells for, making it easier to negotiate a pric...

I am Just Like Everyone Else Essay -- Personal Narrative, essay about

Its 938 p.m.. I guess Ive put this off long enough... not that I want to sound unenthusiastic, barely it just feels weird. When I looked over the prompts no hearty function really struck me I really dont want to drag on approximately my plastic trophies, or try to convince you that I am the adept student that would change your school entirely. The only thing left was to keep close a hardship that I had overcome... funny thing though... I couldnt think of m any(prenominal) hardships. I mean, a lot of things have happened to me, but most of those things, like my dad dying, were things everyone has to overcome at some point. I neer had to do anything... unexpected. That brings me here sitting in front of a screen typewrite as Chopin plays in the background at 1000 p.m..   Ive changed a lot since my freshmen year Ive changed a lot since breakfast, but I never knew why until just a while ago. When I was a little kid, my tell mates would continuously make fun of me. At fir st I thought it was because I was stupid, then I thought it was because they were stupid, but by the conviction I was in eighth grade I had firmly identified the reason for my social awkwardness I was so much better than everyone else at everything that they were all jealous of me. Why not? It was true. No matter how hard they tried they could never produce answers like me... or questions. Also, I neednt bother about trying to get good grades that wasnt my style. Whether by Freudian compensation or an empathic teachers comment, I began to look at other people as being slower, less farsighted than me. Their senses were dulled while mine were too acute to pay oversight to little things like assignments.   Entering Valhalla I looked upon the various Goths and Preps, the Ret... ...one in that location deserved the air I breathed as much as I did. It boggled my mind.   Slowly, I began to work back. All the skills I had worked so relentlessly on to be superior were talents in their own right. My road to heaven was being paved with grim intentions. I stopped work on the moonlight sonata (Cj had always played it better than I). I began to teach myself the blues and Chopin. I didnt have to worry about being better at physics than some one. I no longer had to not take notes in class so I could mount to everyone I didnt need to. I had always been master to myself, but now I was slave to no man. I was just like everyone else, and that was O.K.   Thats about all. I cant say that I deserve to go to your school any more than the next guy. I dont really think it will change your life one iota, but I do know that it would change mine. I am Just Like Everyone Else Essay -- Personal Narrative, essay about Its 938 p.m.. I guess Ive put this off long enough... not that I want to sound unenthusiastic, but it just feels weird. When I looked over the prompts nothing really struck me I really dont want to drag on about my plastic trophies, or try to convince you that I am the one student that would change your school entirely. The only thing left was to write about a hardship that I had overcome... funny thing though... I couldnt think of many hardships. I mean, a lot of things have happened to me, but most of those things, like my dad dying, were things everyone has to overcome at some point. I never had to do anything... unexpected. That brings me here sitting in front of a screen typing as Chopin plays in the background at 1000 p.m..   Ive changed a lot since my freshmen year Ive changed a lot since breakfast, but I never knew why until just a while ago. When I was a little kid, my class mates would always make fun of me. At first I thought it was because I was stupid, then I thought it was because they were stupid, but by the time I was in eighth grade I had firmly identified the reason for my social awkwardness I was so much better than everyone else at everything that they were all jealous of me. Why not? It was t rue. No matter how hard they tried they could never produce answers like me... or questions. Also, I neednt bother about trying to get good grades that wasnt my style. Whether by Freudian compensation or an empathic teachers comment, I began to look at other people as being slower, less farsighted than me. Their senses were dulled while mine were too acute to pay attention to little things like assignments.   Entering Valhalla I looked upon the various Goths and Preps, the Ret... ...one there deserved the air I breathed as much as I did. It boggled my mind.   Slowly, I began to work back. All the skills I had worked so relentlessly on to be superior were talents in their own right. My road to heaven was being paved with bad intentions. I stopped work on the moonlight sonata (Cj had always played it better than I). I began to teach myself the blues and Chopin. I didnt have to worry about being better at physics than some one. I no longer had to not take notes in class so I could prove to everyone I didnt need to. I had always been master to myself, but now I was slave to no man. I was just like everyone else, and that was O.K.   Thats about all. I cant say that I deserve to go to your school any more than the next guy. I dont really think it will change your life one iota, but I do know that it would change mine.

bell hooks and gangsta rap Essay examples -- Snoop Dogg sexism misogy

In reading bell meat hooks opinion about sexism and misogyny I had to admit to myself that I had no idea what she meant by sexism and misogyny. So, to accurately know what she was referring to, I looked them up on the Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary. For the word sexism, I found there were both meanings that support hooks ideas 1 prejudice or discrimination based on sex especi ally discrimination against women and 2 behavior, conditions, or attitudes that foster stereotypes of amicable roles based on sex. The word misogyny, according to Merriam-Webster, is a hatred of women. With these definitions, I feel that both words with their meanings truly expose what bell hooks is state us what Americans, and it seems she talks about the colored male Americans, think of the black female culture. In Gangsta Culture bell hooks tells us that the patriarchal ship canal of thinkingargon glorified in gangsta rap (116) and I think shes right. Although I do non think she is right in all that she says in this narrative. She also says that young black males are forced to take the heat for encouraging via their music the hatred of and violence against women (116), and this I do not believe it completely true. She believes that the black men of America have taken themselves to a new degree in order to make themselves higher than black women she believes that the black men should be equal to the black women and that the men should believe that as well. She talks about Calvin Broadus a.k.a. grass Doggy Dog (which he after changed to the current title Snoop Dogg) and his record album Doggystyle. She tells us that the cover is contaminating toward black women, which it is, but not just to black women, to all women. bell hooks shows us that black male sexism is real and it is in Americas music. She is correct, but it is not just against the white people of America. Snoop Doggs album is degrading toward the girl whose butts out of the doghouse, but it was her choice for unri valled and for two, its not just black women hes degrading on the cover. hooks is just placing blame on Snoops cover, but she doesnt say much about his music, this is where the music of the gangsta culture comes to play.In 1993, Snoop Doggy Dogg put out an album entitled Doggystyle, and its front portrait is describing a form of male dominance toward the woman society and one of the dogs is say... ... doesnt? Dr. Dre, Eminem, Fifty Centall at or so point have referred to women as objects instead of WOMEN, but why iodine out just Snoop Dogg? Has he done something even worse than Eminem calling his own mother a whore? Its just the music, they are just notes on a page and words from mouths. I feel bell hooks needs to do more digging because Eminem speaks worse of women than Snoop Dogg does, even though Snoop has the pictures and Eminem just has words. bell hooks closes her essay by saying, If black men are betraying us through acts of male violence, we pay off ourselves and the rac e by resisting. (123) I believe in what she is saying, but she is one sided. Maybe she is just saying that we, as women, would rather be called just girls, women or even chicka, but that is every woman, not just the black women. But, did she even think about the girls (black and white) that like to be paraded around like giraffes at a circus? Did she realize that she is just one person, as am I, and she cant change the world she lived in? The world is cruel and evil and some of the men in it are just as nasty and immoral, but its our choice whether to live in the worldor in the circus.

This above all, to thine own self be true: Truth versus Self in Hamle

Truth versus Self in Hamlet by William ShakespeareThis above all, to thine own self be true (Act I scene 3 margin 78) as expressed in Shakespeares Hamlet, Prince of Denmark is a philosophical idea that strips a instruction moral standards, accountability, and that selflessness is evidence of true love, as taught by Jesus Christ. professor Sir Walter Murdoch writes in The Policy of Polonius, As a matter of fact, of course, the lines are nonsense, and Shakespeare was well aware that they are nonsense he puts them in the mouth of a gossipy old gentleman who spends most of his time talking nonsense *http//home.pacific.net.au/morrisqc/Murdoch/Polonius.htm*. The characters of Hamlet and Laertes live by this faulty philosophy and form defective character traits that in the long run lead them to death. The same can be said for Alfred in ONeills Before Breakfast, he follows a different path using the same philosophical ideals and in the long run ends up serving the same self centered desire. The assertion that somehow this philosophy can become stable with a sound individual locomote short because it is without objective measurable standard. Left to our own self to decide what is good will always lead to a pantheistic view adept without hope, self-serving and motivated to satisfy any desire that we pretend is correct. Successful living depends on an established guide of moral standards, accountability, and selflessness. Hamlet, Laertes, and Alfred have set their police van and minds to do just as they please without regard how their actions affect others and without regard to moral standards. Hamlet and Laertes have settled in their own mind that the way to find peace is through the death of the person that murdered their fathers.... ... revenge. The meek inherit the land (Leithart). To thine own self be true? I think not. Be true to God and His commandments, His judgment, and the philosophy that I must lay down my life if I want to find it. Jesus s aid, Most assuredly, I say to you, unless a grain of wheat falls into the ground and dies, it remains alone but if it dies, it produces much grain. He who loves his life will lose it, and he who hates his life in this world will keep it for eternal life (John 1224-25 NKJ).BibliographyEliot, T.S., The Sacred Wood Essays on Poetry and Criticism. Hamlet and His Problems Home scallywag 19 Nov. 2000.Leithart, Peter J. The Serpent Now Wears the Crown A Typological Reading of Hamlet. Contra Mundum No. 11 Home rapscallion 19 Nov. 2000.Murdoch, Walter. The Policy of Polonius. The Shakespeare Essays. Home Page 19 Nov. 2000.

This above all, to thine own self be true: Truth versus Self in Hamle

Truth versus Self in Hamlet by William ShakespeareThis above all, to thine own self be sure (Act I scene 3 line 78) as expressed in Shakespeares Hamlet, Prince of Denmark is a philosophical idea that strips away moral standards, accountability, and that selflessness is evidence of veritable love, as taught by Jesus Christ. Professor Sir Walter Murdoch writes in The Policy of Polonius, As a matter of fact, of course, the lines are nonsense, and Shakespeare was well aware that they are nonsense he puts them in the mouth of a garrulous old gentleman who spends most of his time talking nonsense *http//home.pacific.net.au/morrisqc/Murdoch/Polonius.htm*. The characters of Hamlet and Laertes live by this faulty ism and form defective character traits that ultimately cover them to death. The same can be said for Alfred in ONeills Before Breakfast, he follows a different racetrack using the same philosophical ideals and ultimately ends up serving the same self centered desire. The assertion that somehow this philosophy can become enduring with a sound individual falls short because it is without objective measurable standard. Left to our own self to decide what is good will always lead to a pantheistic view one without hope, self-serving and motivated to satisfy any desire that we think is correct. Successful living depends on an established function of moral standards, accountability, and selflessness. Hamlet, Laertes, and Alfred have set their hearts and minds to do just as they please without regard how their actions affect others and without regard to moral standards. Hamlet and Laertes have colonized in their own mind that the way to find peace is through the death of the person that murdered their fathers.... ... revenge. The meek inherit the land (Leithart). To thine own self be true? I think not. Be true to God and His commandments, His judgment, and the philosophy that I must lay down my life if I want to find it. Jesus said, Most assuredly , I say to you, unless a grain of wheat falls into the ground and dies, it remains alone but if it dies, it produces much grain. He who loves his life will lose it, and he who hates his life in this world will keep it for eternal life (John 1224-25 NKJ).BibliographyEliot, T.S., The Sacred Wood Essays on Poetry and Criticism. Hamlet and His Problems Home page 19 Nov. 2000.Leithart, Peter J. The Serpent Now Wears the Crown A Typological Reading of Hamlet. Contra Mundum No. 11 Home Page 19 Nov. 2000.Murdoch, Walter. The Policy of Polonius. The Shakespeare Essays. Home Page 19 Nov. 2000.

Ethical aspects of Social Media Marketing

This essay entrust focus on the topic Critically evaluating the honorable aspects of affectionate media marketing in the United States and the principal question assessed passim this writing will be Have kindly media marketing acted ethical or not? According to Nielson Report (2013, p. 3), Social media marketing typically refers to deuce practices involving social media- the map free tools and paid media.According to Gaski (1999 cited Smith 2000, p8), marketing ethical motive is defined as standards of conduct and moral judgements applied to marketing. In parity to social media, these ethics guide the operations of marketing on social media platforms such(prenominal) as Facebook, Twitter or Youtube (Eagle, 2009). With the rapid growth and adoption of social media, the ethical concerns on social media has also significantly increased. (Mutula, 2012).The antecedent further examines the following categories 1. 1Social Media Research According to Smith, (2001), -be truthful, prot ect privacy, dont model inappropriate behaviour, dont be offensive, be fair and balanced, avoid stereotyping and protect children are the seven basic ethical standards for marketing, which are applicable to the present social media marketing. However, all notees has a healthy responsibility to comply with the legislation of their country.In the United States it is the federal official affair relegating which regulates advertising and marketing laws in the country. (Smith, 2001 Federal Trade Commission, 2013) Social media search is the sign stage of marketing a technique or an approach used by the marketers to conduct market research on social media platforms. The foremost phone number that has commenced is the ethical aspect of using social media for market research purposes the gathering of data and conducting research on consumers and competitors. (Patino et. al).In addition, it is the fundamental responsibility of marketers to protect consumer personal data by ensuring th at the data is only used for research purposes and makes sure that they adhere to the social network guidelines and regulations of the bon ton. (Mareck M, 2011) However, companies violate these rules and steal customer information without their consent for research and marketing activities, which is unethical and against the FTC Act.Evidently, it was reported by the FTC, in May 2011, 32 legal actions were taken againstorganisations that have failed to maintain protection for consumer sensitive data hence breached consumers privacy rights. For mannikin, in February 2013, a social networking app generated by Path. Inc. , acquired consumer personal information without their consent and settled FTC charges for infringing Consumer Privacy Act also in the meantime the homogeneous company was charged for violating the Childrens Online Privacy Protection Act, from approximately 3000 children personal information was collected without getting parents consent which was claimed to be highl y unethical.(Federal Trade Commission 2013).Moreover, social media has assisted companies to monitor their employees on social networks. Many reports and cases have been lodged against those companies for unethical practices, by involuntarily retrieving personal information of employees. such(prenominal) cases involve companies use specialised softwares or access employees user name and password of Facebook and Twitter accounts, to trace tweets and posts of what employees post on social networks.As a result, in regard to the impudently imposed social media privacy legislation, companies were seized to make settlements on the charges of violating Employee Privacy Protection Act. (Eaglesham, J. and Rothfeld, M. , 2013) Furthermore, social media marketing has become a major threat to the competitors since the birth of social media, and with the aid of market research it has become a trend for brands to practice unethical and unlawful activities such as creating mold accounts, fake en dorsements, fake blogs, fake community groups and tarnishing competitors brand reputation on social platforms.(Ray, 2011)1. 2 Viral marketing and Advertising Viral marketing is the spreading of information between users on social media and it has become the defining marketing trend techniques used to promote company product/ service and brand name on social media. For example, viral campaigns are marketing techniques widely used to spread the Word-Of-Mouth (WOM) and it can be in the form of viral videos via Youtube, Facebook statuses/posts, or blogs on social media.Thus, viral campaigns build awareness and promotes the company product and image on social media. (Fergusan. R, 2008) For example, ASDA has effectively used this strategy for their packagingal campaigns, like the Christmas doesnt just go through with(predicate) by magic Video 2012 which went viral on Youtube. However, viral marketing can be an adverse impact to the company and unethical too.For example, Celeb Boutique concept of implementing the viral marketing technique of trending hash tag on Twitter, instead of a positive brand recognition it caused a negative impact to the company brand image and was humiliated virally. (Smeets, 2013) In terms of ethics, such cases include companies that attack other companies indirectly, being dis honest unprofessional and dis respectful on their campaigns.For example As reported by The Economic Times, in April 2012, Nokia launched an aggressive viral campaign against Samsung, comparing its Lumia smart phone with Samsungs intentionally evince that Nokia phones are invincible and can blow away other smart phones, this campaign was highly unethical and against the FTC Advertising and Marketing Act of being deceitful and deceptive to stakeholders such as competitors (Mukherjee, W, 2012) According to FTC (2013), All businesses have a legal responsibility to ensure that advertising is truthful and not deceptive.Advertising shouldnt target on vulnerable audien ces such as children and should comply with the FTC standards regarding children privacy issues.For example Kelloggs company made false claims on social networks that its ice Mini-Wheats cereal benefits children and improves their immunity, this was done by giving false evidence that the attentiveness of children can be improved by 20pct clinically, this advertisement was unethical as it infringed the standards of FTC (Federal Trade Commission, 2013) Furthermore, it was alleged that companies pay celebrities millions of dollars to advertise and promote their brand on Social networks.Recently, Snickers was suspected in promoting their brand on Twitter in the form of tweets through prominent celebrities such as Rio Ferdinand and Katie Price in 2012. As a result, the Fair Trade officers advised celebrities that advertisements that doesnt reveal as a promotion or an endorsement is a deceptive advertising and warned Snickers, it is against the FTC standards. However, the complaints accu sing Snickers for deceptive advertising were forwarded to the Advertising Standards Authority to take further investigations on this unethical behavior.(Barnett, 2012 Federal Trade Commission, 2013)1. 3 Engagement Process Social media enables companies to interact with customers more directly than any other forms. Engagement process is one of the major ethical challenge for companies as it involves the process of directly engaging with customers on social networks and has become a common practice for companies. Social media is used by employees on behalf of the company and it can endanger the company reputation via social media by using it unethically.Even though, engagement process is an important component for marketing and public relations it can still be treacherous if used unethically. (Institute of Business Ethics, 2011) In a survey carried out by the Ethics Resource Centre, 45percent of U. S employees witnessed mess up at work in which 65percent from those reported to be imm oral behaviour, in consequence was alleged for violating the workplace ethics law. The study reveals that social media appears to be a major contributor to this issue.(Ethics Resource Centre, 2011)In March 2010, Nestle Facebook fan page was hovered with negative remarks from its fans after the palm oil campaign, in response, the employee who controls the fan page affix offensive comments which violated the company policies hence, led to bad publicity and boycott activities from the public. (The Guardian, 2011) In 2012, many big brands faced serious catastrophes on social networks. Such circumstances follows when McDonald tried to promote its brand via Twitter using hashtags, unfortunately the customers on Twitter posted unfavourable comments of consuming McDonalds food.Other examples such as the American Apparel and The Gap faced a colossal destructive responses from its customers for posting disapproving ads at the time of Hurricane Sandy. (Anon, 2012) 1. 4 Ethical Social Media Ma rketing Vs. Unethical Social Media Marketing Conversely, a survey carried out by the IBE reveals, businesses that point ethically on social media is significantly greater than the proportion of businesses that operate unethically.The above pie chart illustrates that 48 percent of the respondents say that businesses operate very/fairly ethically. (Institute of Business Ethics, 2012) Nevertheless, IBE survey found that it was a decline from 58 percent to 48 percent of views that assumes businesses operate very/fairly ethical on social media. Therefore, the change in the percentage from 2011 to 2012 ascertains that the negative impressions on ethical business behavior have increased radically. (Institute of Business Ethics, 2012) ConclusionSocial media marketing has positive and negative effects the importance for social media has increased tremendously due to the immense benefits such as the increase in awareness, promotion, engagement and research if social media is used unethically , may lead to lead to bad publicity and tarnish the company reputation. The varied arguments evidences of statistics and cases from different organisations strongly condemns that social media marketing is unethical the unethical use of social media practiced by businesses outweighs the ethical use of social media marketing.All in all, the author finds social media marketing unethical hence, may create a huge impact on the company and brand image negatively. However, if social media is properly used, it will result positive outcomes for the brand if misused, the consequence will be a social abuse. Therefore, the author suggests to use social media vigilantly and consider the business ethics standards of their country before taking further steps

Incident 2 Organizational Behavior Essay

Mental Ability We know people with higher levels of mental ability are able to process information more than quickly, go problems more accurately, and learn faster, so you might expect them also to be less susceptible to common deci- sion errors. However, mental ability appears to help people avoid only some of these. 74 Smart people are just as likely to fall prey to anchoring, overconfidence, and escalation of commitment, probably because just being ache doesnt alert you to the possibility youre too confident or emotionally defensive. That doesnt mean intelligence never matters. Once warned about decision-making errors, more intelligent people learn more quickly to avoid them. They are also better able to avoid logical errors like false syllogisms or incorrect interpretation of data. Cultural Differences The rational model makes no acknowledgment of cultural differences, nor does the bulk of OB research literature on decision making. simply Indonesians, for instance, dont neces sarily make decisions the same way Australians do. Therefore, we need to recognize that the cultural background of a decision maker can significantly influence the selection of problems, the depth of analysis, the importance placed on logic and rationality, and whether organizational decisions should be made autocratically by an individual man- ager or together with in groups. 75 Cultures differ in their cartridge holder orientation, the importance of rationality, their belief in the ability of people to solve problems, and their preference for col- lective decision making. Differences in time orientation help us understand why managers in Egypt make decisions at a much slower and more deliberate pace than their U.S. counterparts. season rationality is valued in North America, thats not true elsewhere in the world.

Asher Farms Essay

Political In class the major political topic that we focused on was possible affects on the application if immigration laws became stricter. This industry is highly dependent on cheap labor. If all of a sudden there were not enough workers in the industry there would not be enough chicken available to meet the demand.Economic Evident from the case, the chicken market is heavily influenced by currency fluctuation. This is because 15% of the total poultry work is exported and therefore changes in the price of the dollar can make chicken much more expensive in other countries or it can gull a reverse effect.Social Over the past couple of decades there has clearly been a shift in the amount of different types of meat products that atomic number 18 consumed. Those who watch their what they eat are more likely to eat chicken for the high protein benefits and minimizing some of the harmful affects of red meat.Technological There had been a hale push for more efficient technology to be produced in this industry. The technology developments range from the machinery that does some of the work to new genetic engineering of the food that the chickens eat. These advancements allowed for the fruit of the chicken industry without and slowdowns.Legal Animal rights advocates have had major impacts on the ways that chickens can be processed. The conditions that the chickens live in could cause some statutory problems in the future in different animal rights groups wanted to make changes.Environmental Spread of disease always seems to be a major perplexity in the food industry. Contamination is very possible and could potentially cause huge problems. The FDA would like to minimize the possible affects of any type disease from scatter such as salmonella or other bacterias that are harmful.I feel that all of the commerce risks identified in question 1, the ruminator acronym, all have the same potential to impact the risk of material misstatements on the financial s tatements. These business risks would all put revenue, cost of goods sold, wage expenses, and received discloses at risk for being misstated. This would require more substantive tests to provide more reliable evidence that the financial statements are correctly stated.Obtaining knowledge most the clients industry helps to highlight practices unique to that industry that may have an effect on the clients financial statements. The auditor should bump knowledge relating to the clients business before commencing the audit. Understanding the clients business provides information regarding events and transactions that may affect the clients financial statements.Just like an auditor is not responsible to provide absolute assurance that the financial statements are correct, an auditory does not have the certificate of indebtedness to identify or assess all business risks because it would be not efficient, timely, or costly to do so. As discussed in question 1, some examples of business risks that should be considered include immigration concerns, currency fluctuation, health changes, technological development, and the spread of disease. An example of a business risk that might not lead to a risk of material misstatement in the financial statements that we discussed in class was opening new locations and growing the business.

Broken Family Essay

Family is the basic components of the society. And the parents are the most important source of youths behavior, which effect to their outlook in life. A home is where a family lives. It may be alternated to the word house but a house is more befittingly referring to the material structure, whereas home refers to the intangible things that bind together the family members.So if the parents are sepa set outd, how does it affect the youth and what piece of tail they do about it? When parents split up, there can be many emotions that a youth may have to deal with. These feelings, internalized or expressed, will result in certain behavior that will maybe affect to the youths outlook in life. And these feelings can cause a big impact in their performance study, socialization and personality.The most uncouth dispute between a husband and a wife is the financial issue. This is rooted when the father, which should be the provider for the family, cant give enough capital for the sustenan ce of the whole family. Or early marriage could be the reason of the financial setback. Teen pregnancies are very much high in rate in the last decade. A couple that havent able to finish studies and started a family early would likely experience difficulty in fiscal aspects. An undergraduate would have a hard time finding a lucrative job. Not mentioning that building a family needs a steadfast expression particularly financially.BACKGROUND OF THE STUDYWhat is a broken family? It is a family with the children involved where parents are legally or illegally separated and whose parents have decided to go and live their lives separately for several reasons/problems. It is one where the parents (m different and father) of a child or children have split up and no longer share a integrity family home as a family unit. This is also known as a broken home.Broken home is a term used to describe a household, usually in reference to parenting, in which the family unit does not properly func tion according to accepted societal norms.And we choose this topic to inform other people what are the possible things that they can do to help themselves and the others who are in the same situation to overcome their negative emotions brought about by having an sketchy family.

Marketing Analysis: Mayo Clinic

Marketing Analysis mayo Clinic December 14, 2012 Marketing Analysis mayonnaise Clinic mayonnaise Clinic is in the contrast of providing patient electric charge by means of their many different Clinics and hospitals. They are ranked number two as one of the top twenty hospitals for stock ticker and heart surgery per the Forbes list of top hospitals, and they ranked seventy one out of one hundred in the top one hundred places to work (Forbes, 2012). The mayonnaise Clinics are a not-for-profit hospital and t to each oneing center that is renown throughout the world. They became known as the hospital that treats the diseases no some other facility or doc want to treat.They boast over thirty eight hundred physicians and scientist as soundly as over fifty thousand Allied health care workers on their payroll. They withal have thirty six hundred medical checkup examination residents, fellows and scholars through their medical schools. Their slogan is We strive to turn the impos sible into the possible (Mayo Clinic one-year Report, 2011). The Mayo Clinic cared for more(prenominal) than one million patients at its campuses in Minnesota, Florida, Arizona and Mayo Clinic Health System, a network of clinics, hospitals and health care facilities serving more than seventy communities in Minnesota, Iowa and Wisconsin (Mayo Clinic yearbook Report, 2011, pg. 7, para4). From their beginning in 1863, William Worrall Mayo insisted on standards that would be considered innovative for the time. And as the demand for their services increased, they formed a team up of doctors and researchers and became the first private integrated group practice. Initially this practice of teamwork among doctors was viewed as unconventional, but soon patients realized the advantages of the pooled resources, having doctors and scientist under the same roof with knowledge and skills, patients and student came from around the world to learn and be treated (Dickson, 2012).Mayo Clinic over one hundred years ago made it clear through its mission and view that the patients interests would not be served well if doctors were competing with each other. William Mayo emphasized that making a commitment to the patient doctors must make a commitment to each other Continuing interest by every member of the staff in the professional progress of every other member, would be vital to nutritive the organizations future. Patients are the Mayo Clinics first priority and they do not base care on a patients ability to pay.Most of the staff is not even aware of a patients status, which allows them to give the patients the best care possible without having to worry about creation paid (Mayo Clinic, nd). The Mayo Clinic has some fierce competition, such as Johns Hopkins Hospital. Johns Hopkins is an institution with a mission to improve the health of our community and the world by move the standard of excellence in patient care. They also advertise with commercials on television, ra dio, and in the newspaper.They have internet Social media marketing in place and through their multi-media relations staff, they are able to pierce the market of patients within the United States and abroad. (Johns Hopkins Hospital, nd). The services they offer are comparable to The Mayo Clinic and both are rated in the top 25 best hospitals to work for by HealthExecNews. com. However, Johns Hopkins did not make the top 100 list for Forbes. The four Ps (Product, Place, Price, Promotion) ProductBrand Mayo Clinic the consult alone is known as a leader in the medical field for their dedicated physicians, scientists and allied health staff that work together as a team to put the needs of the patient first, known as The Mayo Effect. There are three main(prenominal) hospitals and several clinics that offer medical treatments and services as well as training, residencies and fellows for medical professions (Mayo Annual Report, 2011). Product features Patient satisfaction and quality c are given to patients are some of the main reasons that patients choose the Mayo Clinic.Known as the place to go for specializing in treating complex illnesses, patients dirty dog receive uninhibited care, regardless of ability to pay (Mayo Clinic, nd). Packaging The Mayo Clinic is well known throughout the world for their research as well as their teaching facilities for medical professions. In addition, they partner with many facilities to serve communities in five states, while maintaining three main Hospital facilities in Minnesota, Arizona, and Florida (Mayo Clinic, nd). Product lines They have several, mainly books and CDs on health and wellness.They also have a customer base of over 900,000 people for their Mayo Clinic Health Letter and Mayo Clinic Womens HealthSource subscriptions, which are mailed monthly with a quarterly special report as part of the subscription. Having mental testinged the market for potential internet subscriptions in 2007, they found many were not interested, but in 2008 the test showed there was more interest in that option (Fletcher, 2010). Place Channels of distribution Most referrals are from word of mouth people recommending the organization because of a good experience they had.Media Mayo utilized the topical anesthetic media by offering their physicians the opportunity to share their expertise with the community through bi-monthly consumer health segments (Weiss, 2009) Internet Mayo can be found on Facebook, Twitter, YouTube and Linkedin, and their new patient blog Sharing MayoClinic (Weiss, 2009). Advertising Mayo utilizes media through stories and partnerships with the local news as well as sponsoring health events. They do not use mass media advertising and they rely on their nature (Weiss, 2009).Physician referrals come from around the world, because Mayo has a reputation of caring for patients others may not want the challenge of caring for or they do not know how to (Weiss, 2009). Physical distribution Serv ices are administered through care givers and physicians during visits to either the hospital or office visits. The Mayo Effect uses strategies to achieve their goals and mission with collaboration, expertise and compassionate commitment to the health and happiness of their patients (Mayo Annual Report, 2011).Retailing choices Patients have several choices to receive services, through the hospital, a clinic visit, and now the sensitive clinic. Mayo has two Minute clinics that are a walk-in center and are used to assess and treat tyke conditions, and monitor chronic conditions of patients and no appointment is required. The wait time is usually less than 15 minutes. (Keckley, Ph. D. , P. H. , 2008). Inventory decisions The minute clinics are a new dash to see patients that may have less urgent needs such as sore throat, pink eye, minor cuts and burns, or chronic diseases that may need monitoring.The clinics offer walk-in services to anyone, and they have the ability to look up p atient records through Electronic medical records (EMR) leaving no paper record needing to be stored. Centers are existence staffed by nurse practitioner and physician assistants with assistance of proprietary technology knowing to help diagnose and treat non-serious medical conditions. These centers are now being seen in many pharmacy chain stores and even places like Wal-Mart and Target.Jumping on the mountain wagon so to speak, Mayo clinic sees the Minute Clinics as a source of patient referrals for their physicians as some patients that come for treatment pass on be referred to a Mayo Clinic doctor if there is a need for follow up or if their infixing condition needs more treatment then the Minute Clinic can provide (Keckley, Ph. D. , P. H. , 2008). Price Cost-based pricing Most health care is based on a health insurance system making payments based on a third party payer system, so the price for care is usually set by entities outside of the doctor-patient relationship.Be cause of this system, providers do not need to vie for patients based on money prices. Medicare sets prices and national policies for health care services, while health insurance companies negotiate with providers for services and they offer incentives to overthrow hails and reduce performing unnecessary procedures (Nelson, 2009). Value-based pricing In comparison, Mayo is a high cost provider when compared to other Minnesota providers, and many insurance providers list Mayo in the bottom of their tiered health plans, based on cost not quality.Mayo may need to charge more to private pay patients to address the shortfalls from uncompensated care and public payers (Medicare and Medicaid). Because public payments rarely cover the cost of care, providers must charge private payers higher rates if they expect to stay in business (Nelson, 2009,para 15). As we enter into new reforms being designed to cut costs and improve quality care the current system is about to modification and w e can only hope for the better.Competition-based pricing The Mayo Clinic is able to keep costs down, because they pay their physicians a salary and not on a bung for services like many other health care organizations do. Being a center for excellence, they rank higher in quality of care than other organizations which gives them an advantage when negotiating with insurance companies on the price for services. Because they have an integrated approach, they perform less unnecessary procedures than other organizations, which will keep a patients overall cost down (Nelson, 2009). PromotionCommunication plans Mayo Clinic is on the cutting edge by initiating an electronic database which allows interaction with other physicians and shared information through an affiliation agreement and e-consultants. With changes access in the health care delivery system, and payers, Mayo is aggressively expanding their affiliation with other providers. Being known as a center for excellence, they are oft called to give a consultation on difficult cases. Becoming an affiliate of the Mayo Clinic gives the provider the ability to use their name in advertising as well as consult with the Mayo Physicians.The goal of Mayo Clinic is to be the leader in efforts to get hospitals and physician groups to work together more efficaciously to improve quality and lower costs (Graham, 2012). Public relations Being a pioneer and leading the way is not new for the Mayo Clinic, being one of the first to initiate a Facebook web page that people can write on its wall and share all types of content, is a way of communicating and gaining customers. People are using the site to share stories about their own or a family members experience with the Mayo Clinic. These stories are than shared and care making this a form of word of mouth.Many will visit the site which also offers information and short videos on different subjects, as well as health support issues. They also have Podcasts that are offere d at the iTunes store, and it once reached 29th in the Top 100 (Rollyson, 2008). Advertising Mayo has not fatigued a lot of money on advertising and relies on reputation to bring in the patients. However, when they opened the Florida clinic in 2008, patients were not banging down the doors so to speak and they realized they needed to do something to attract the patients (Weiss, 2009).They rely on word of mouth and have taken initiatives that bring awareness to the organization. Having a Facebook page, Twitter, YouTube, Podcasts, local television health segments that allow people to call with concerns or ask questions, monthly new magazine and by sponsoring community health events. Employees are also a source of advertising, many are happy to share the Mayo philosophy (the needs of the patient come first) with others. Sales and selling exertion Being a not for profit organization, they are more concerned with quality as this will bring quantity.The Mayo clinic offers advertising ads and sponsorships in their e-newsletters and magazines as well as community events that promote health awareness. However, their financial goals take a backseat to their mission, which is to focus on the patients and meeting the needs of the patient first. Making themselves present on social media sites as well as sponsoring community events that promote health awareness, they are able to draw attention to their name. Having a strong reputation for quality care and their desire to put the patients needs before the need for payment, sets a standard that many organizations could learn from.Overall the Mayo Clinic system and philosophy sets a standard that is in a class of its own. Gaining a reputation that has lasted over a hundred years as one of the best organizations to be a patient of or to work for says a lot for the way they are doing business. Offering other facilities and organizations the opportunity to be affiliated with the Mayo system will continue to bring awareness to the brand and promote their way of helping people, while bring the medical profession together working as a team. Reference Dickson, F. (2012, May 5).The Mayo Mystique. Marketing Health Services. Retrieved From http//www. marketingpower. com/ResourceLibrary/MarketingHealthServices/Pages/2012/Spring%202012/The-Mayo-Mystique. aspx Fletcher, H. ( 2010, August). Truth in Advertising. North American Publishing Company. Retrieved from http//www. targetmarketingmag. com/article/mayo-clinic-puts-straightforward-direct-mail-creative-test/1 Forbes. (2012, July 17). Still the genius Cleveland Clinic Retains Top Spot On US News & World Report Heart Hospital Rankings. Forbes. comLLC.Retrieved from http//www. forbes. com/sites/larryhusten/2012/07/17/still-the-one-cleveland-clinic-retains-top-spot-on-us-news-world-report-heart-hospital-rankings/ Graham, J. , (2012, Aug. 24). Mayo Clinic Seeks to Extend it Reach with Series of Affiliations approximately the Country. Henry J. Kaiser Family Founda tion. Retrieved from http//www. kaiserhealthnews. org/Stories/2012/August/24/Mayo-Clinic-Extends-Reach. aspx Hathaway M. , & Seltman, K. (2001, Winter). International Market Research at the Mayo Clinic. Marketing Health Services.

A Day of Happy Moments

Pleasure is something which satisfies our senses but happiness is something deep seated. It is something which is much nearer to our soul. A hot cup of coffee on a chilly day would surely bring pleasure and not happiness. Now I shall say when I was very happy. Even from my early days, I used to communicate interest in games. My elder brothers used to take me to the sports and matches. Whenever I saw the victors receiving trophies, I eagerly wished that I must be on the victory stand one day. As I came to the secondary school, I took interest in long distance running. With some boys of my class, I used to take to the track and run.In one of the inter-school competitions I came first in the one kilometer race. This gave me not only satisfaction but also encouraged me to disgorge in more and more effort. I was regularly on the track practicing. I learnt the techniques from my physical instructor. From one kilometer I Learnt slowly to run twain kilometers within three minutes. The day when I can do it, is still far-off. Still unceasingly I practice long distance running. The Inter-district Sports Meet of the schools came and I was selected for 1000 meter race. It was a red letter day in my life. The event was announced and along with five others, I was standing on the track.Hundreds of tribe were looking at us. We were set on the mark and the gun went off. I started steadily and knew that I must have spare energy for the last lap. It was a three round business. In the first two rounds, I kept myself the second or third. In the third round, Picked up speed and was running interchangeable a colt, left others far behind and breasted the tape in the record time. The excitement was so much that I was almost unconscious for a few minutes. Then I ran to the victory stand. My joy knew no bounds when my name was announced first and I took the salute. It was the glorious day and I enjoyed absolute happiness.

Divorce: Marriage and School Aged School

Divorces Impact on Pre condition, School-Age, and Adolescent Children Abstract This writing reviews current literature examining the conflict of fall apart on baberen in the context of family. The review encompasses ship behavior break up plunder be prevented and how un-prevented break up can affect children of the specified ages. The ages of the children argon outlined as preschool, school old and adolescence. The impact on each group is different and considered. Ways to minimize the number of split ups is examined by outlining preventions on a severalize level.Recommendations for situate established programs are made that would occur prior to marriage to prevent later iscommunications. In the face of unstoppable disjointment it is meaning(a) to understand how children can be helped to cope more pitchively with come apart in context of incoming development. Divorces impact on preschool, school-age, and adolescent children As divide continues to be an option for m arriage resolution it is consequential to take a air at how divorce affects young children. Numerous studies hasten been done to taste the negative make of divorce on children.This writing will examine those effects upon children of preschool, school, and adolescent aged children. It is mportant to understand the effects on children in ground of later development. Divorce affects both the custodial and non-custodial parent and their relationship with the child (ren). It effects how parents discipline their children and bond with their children. The negative effects of divorce could be avoided if divorce could be minimized. Minimizing divorce could prevent the negative long term effects of divorce on children.This writing will also take a look at how divorce can be minimized in order to circumvent negative effects on preschool, school and adolescent aged children. The impact of divorce on preschool, school aged and adolescent children needs to be understood in order to prevent long term emotional, mental, social and mental issues later in life. Preschool Preschool aged children generally marked from ages 4 to 5 years old have been found to have negative effects from divorce. Studies have engaged the personality traits of preschoolers to determine the impact of divorce . The main reference has been made to the attachment theory.This theory supports the idea that preschool children are affected by divorce emotionally . Attachment theory developed by John Bowlby is the bond between the child and the caregiver and plays a serious role in the developmental stages of growth. Preschoolers use their attachments as safety nets to depend on when exploring the world outside them. During the preschool years children will be attached to one or both parents and divorce causes an lost in that attachment. It has been documented that the attachment security is negatively impacted by divorce (Nair & Murray, 2005).The impact reflects mostly on the security of attachment. The preschool aged child exhibits behaviors of separation anxiety and insecurity. It has been determined that negative effects to attachment will later become issues for older children . The preschool age children do not understand divorce but do understand that upset and the separation and may carry feelings of abandonment and fear of abandonment. Preschool children may feel if parents can divorce, then parents can divorce children. Preschool children are akinly to feel responsible for the divorce and for the separated parents .Preschool children are effected by the custodial parents form of discipline, other children in the home, interaction with other children at school, relationships with teachers, and identifying ith self . All issues could develop into other negative elements later in growth. School Aged School aged children will handle divorce differently than preschoolers and will progress through successful with guidance. However, there are a few behaviors or effects that are characteristic and common of school aged children. Children at this age are affected behaviorally and psychological .These children tend to impute the effects of divorce and think that the situation is caused by them. In modus operandi they will think and act as if they have control over the situation. They will blame themselves or the divorce and will think they can press the parents back to lounge abouther if they behave. They will misbehave to get attention. They will act sick or experience true sickness in order to amalgamate their parents. This stage is burdened with the responsibility of getting parents back together and will respond in ways to accomplish this mission . School aged children think of fear of abandonment.The greatest effect on school aged children is not being able to see life past divorce. They are uncertain of the future and are confused about the roles to be played. This confusion will cause them o not want to participate at school and make up stori es and act out Just to get attention. The combination of the change in parental separation, parenting style, and parental coping skills leads them to behave in unexpected and uncharacteristic ways . These behaviors left unaddressed can lead into greater issues in adolescence. Adolescent The impact of divorce on adolescence can run deep and wide.Adolescence is affected behaviorally, socially, and psychologically. Children at this age are already experiencing socio-emotional changes and hormonal changes adding divorce can be a recipe for disaster. Since these children are more independent and self-functional the risk are higher(prenominal) for negative behaviors. Adolescence is a time for individualism and self-expression. The negative effects are displayed outwardly. Examples of adolescent behaviors include disobedience, failing school, and legal activities. During the time of divorce adolescence are confused, upset and angry.The anger drives the adolescent to participate in negative behaviors. They will be more upset with one parent over the other. The way they relate to others and get along with others will be dramatically attected The entire socialization process can be damaged nd without proper guidance could last easily into the adult years . Divorce The negative effects of divorce become obvious after discussion. The greatest effects fall upon the children. Divorce is seen as a resolution to a bad marriage. Divorce is occurring more often and with the involvement of children. Preschool, school aged, and adolescence children can be more affected than adults.The emotional, behavioral, social and psychological effects of divorce are factors of development in life. Taking a proactive approach to divorce could alleviate and circumvent the negative effects on children. With divorce being the number one resolution to a bad marriage coming up with innovative and creative ways to prevent divorce can be difficult. Preventing divorce falls can be done with extendin g the process of marriage and educating the public before and during the marriage. In order to prevent divorce the state could become more involved with the process of marriage .In the majority of states the process of marriage involves purchasing a marriage license and standing before a clerk or planning a wedding. It does not take much to get married. If the state were to take more interest in those who are equesting a marriage license and provide mandatory education to those apply, it could decrease the number of divorces. Greater involvement could go as far as outlining the marriage and discussing issues like parenting, education, work and career as well as sexual expectations . These are elements of a marriage that are not always discussed but could be the primary targets for divorce.In order to prevent divorce the state could mandate education and mentoring at various levels of a marriage. Prior to getting the state license for marriage the state could required focussing and educational classes about what to expect in marriage ife. Couples could discuss expectations and needs. Couples could be mentored by other couples in order to learn salubrious ways of communicating and resolving conflict. If a marriage is seemingly in trouble and headed for divorce, the state could mandate marriage counseling and education on healthier ways of resolving conflict.If the marriage is not salvageable then pre-counseling could be provided for divorce. The process of divorce could be discussed and when children are involved they could be included in the counseling in order to help them adjust prior to the change . Coping Until such measures could be mandated or implemented helping children to cope positively with the changes of divorce is a necessity. The social, emotional, behavioral and psychological effects of divorce despite the age of impact could affect the remaining stages of development when not positively adjusted.This writer is of the opinion that in order to help children cope they need to be involved in the process. Counseling the children about what divorce means, what to expect, and how things will change is an important element in divorce. Helping children to understand what is going on and what to expect. Children would have a better understanding of how divorce should affect them. It is important for children to know they are not responsible for the divorce and that parents still love them.It would also be helpful to have the children attend a group with other similar aged children to discuss the effects of divorce and how each one is coping. This would allow the chi Idren to gain support and realize they are not alone in the way that they feel. This would be a facilitated group where the facilitator could direct the discussion and help the children to identify with how they are feeling and work hrough the emotions and ideas. As a professional counselor I would be able to help each party involved by being available for open discu ssion as well as education. I would meet with the parties individually and as a group.I would inform the parents about the well-being of the children and make suggestions for family discussion. I would encourage both parents to have discussion with the child(ren) outside of counseling in order to gain the childs trust and help them to see that because the family is splitting up it is all about the parents and not the child(ren). Conclusion The impact of divorce on preschool, school aged and adolescence is emotional, behavioral, social and psychological. These effects cause issues involving healthy separation, self-esteem, and the development through the stages of growth.In younger children the effects of divorce are more psychological and effect the attachment of the child and the primary caregiver as well as self confidence to explore the world beyond self. The school aged children internalize the process and the conflict and seemingly take on the responsibility of putting the pare nts back together. Adolescents can fall into negative and illegal behaviors. These issues can be avoided by minimizing the number of divorces. This could be done with state involvement to mandate the process and the education of marriage.The mandates should take place before certification for marriage is approved and if required during the divorce process. As a counselor this writer would be available to see families through the process of education during conflict and counseling for family and individual children if move into the divorce process. Ulitimately understanding the impact of divorce on children is necessary in order to help children to cope and move ast emotions related to the process of divorce so they do not interfere in the stage development of the child.

Body Language Communication In Nursing Essay

You are approached by a Grand put forward who is hearing stricken how do you facilitate the best environment and through your body language and how you chatter with him to ensure you bring out pass with him in a way which meets his needs and is respectful of his impairment I was approached by a frys Grandparent with an hearing impairment who wanted to speak to me I instructing the Grandparent to follow me to somewhere quite, has this allowed us to speak and there to be no interruptions or other notices to distract him or myself, I looked at him and make warmheartedness contact when I rung this allowed him to lip read if he needed to and continue eye contract when he spoke back to me to let him know that I paying attraction, I spoke distinctly in a steady pace but not too slowly so that this made him disembodied spirit that I was talking to him like he was incapable of understanding, he told me at champion point that he did not hear me I did not get frustrated with him I ad ept repeated what I had said a little louder and tried to make my speak more clearly and tried to steady my pace a little more, I tried to always make him feel comfortable in my comp either and that his impairment was not an issue and that he could approach me at any point he needed to and that I would listen and do my best to communicate in a way that he was comfortable. (Case Study)You have children in your setting whose parents do not come to the setting as they walk there or are dropped off by day nursery staff or childminders. How do you ensure parents get the information they need. At the school that I work we send well-ordered garners home to all parents and carers and on a weekly basis we send a newssheet home with every child, when in placement I hand each child the earn in their hand and they I instruct them to put the letters into their reading folders for parents and carers to read, I then walk approximately the classroom to ensure that each child has placed the let ters into their reading folders, if there is a letter of great importance then there is a text message sent to all parents or carers informing them of the letter and its importance and that they must check their childs reading folder.If there is a matter that is very important or urgent for example a possible stranger risk of exposure then a text message would be sent immediately to the parents or carers followed by a letter sent home. If a child minder orday nursery staff get in the child I myself of which ever teacher spoke to them they would also inform them of any important letters in the childs reading folder and inform them to let the childs parent or carer know when they collected their child.

Estimation Of GFR Kidney Disease Health And Social Care Essay

AbstractionBackgroundPurpose of our survey was to happen knocked come in(p) correlativity betwixt estimated glomerular Filtration tread ( eGFR ) by Modification of Diet in Renal infirmity ( MDRD ) view and eGFR by Cockcroft-Gault ( CG ) pars, in patients with inveterate kidney disease ( CKD ) , and to see whether they can be use interchangeably.MethodWe conducted a cross subdivision survey of 70 patients presented to the nephrology clinic over a period of one twelvemonth. We compared the eGFR by these two carriages in five phases of CKD. Abbreviated 4 versatile MDRD materialisation was used.ConsequenceMDRD consequences were expressed in ml/ min/1.73m2 and CG consequences in ml/min. Age area was 15 79 old ages Male 49 % , Female 51 % . The correlativity ( R ) between eGFR by MDRD and eGFR by CG for CKD stages 1 to 5 was 0.64 0.31 0.32 0.67 and 0.45 independently. The correlativity ( R ) between creatinine clearance by 24 hr peeing accretion to eGFR by MDRD font was 0.84 ( P 0.001 ) and to eGFR by CG materialisation was and 0.79 ( P 0.001 ) .DecisionWe resolve that Cockcroft-Gault ( CG ) compare correlates best with MDRD grammatical construction at CKD phase 4 followed by phase one. Cockcroft-Gault expression underestimated eGFR in phases 1, 2 and 3. We speculate that standardization of Cockcroft-Gault comparison to the organic structure surface country of.73m2 will farther soften the correlativity plainly will diminish its utility program on bed side. . There is a demand of a big graduated table population based survey to hold our consequences.Index WORDSMDRD, Cockcroft-Gault, degenerative kidney diseaseIntroductionAlteration of Diet in Renal Disease ( MDRD ) and Cockcroft-Gault ( CG ) equivalences are the approximately common methods of appraisal of Glomerular Filtration Rate ( GFR ) . Both formulas depend upon blood serum Creatinine to gauge GFR. Creatinine clearance measuring utilizing 24 hours urine aggregation is mostly aba ndoned in favour of the MDRD and CG expressions. It is master(prenominal)ly because of the familial troubles in accurate aggregation of 24 hours urine.Cockcroft-Gault expression remained the most common method of bedside appraisal of GFR. It requires weight in add-on to age just still is really easy to utilize without a reckoner or computing machine.This advantage of CG expression is maintaining it alive in spite the of rapid popularity of MDRD expression. Numerous surveies are done to compare these two equations in assorted scenes. However the information from Asia particularly from Pakistan is bare 1 .Purpose of our survey was to happen out correlativity between the two equations in patients with chronic kidney disease ( CKD ) and to see whether they can be used interchangeably.MethodsWe conducted a cross subdivision survey of 70 patients presented to the nephrology clinic of a third attention infirmary in Karachi Pakistan over a period of 1 twelvemonth from January 2006 to De cember 2006. Aim of our survey was to happen out correlativity between estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate ( eGFR ) by Modification of Diet in Renal Disease ( MDRD ) and eGFR by Cockcroft-Gault ( CG ) equations in patients with chronic kidney disease ( CKD ) and to see whether they can be used interchangeably.Age background was 15 79 old ages. Male were 49 % , female were 51 % . Patients with acute renal trial were excluded. All the patients in the survey were separate into five groups harmonizing to the kidney disease outcome quality enterprise ( KDOQI ) variety of chronic kidney disease as follows Group 1 GFR & gt 90 Group 2 GFR 90 60 Group 3 GFR 30 59 Group 4 GFR 15 29 and group 5 GFR & lt 15 ml/ min/1.73m2.Abbreviated four variable MDRD expression was used.to estimated GFR ( ml/min per 1.73 M2 ) utilizing the equation186 x serum creatinine ( mg/dl ) -1.154 x ( age ) -0.203 x ( 0.742 if female ) . Estimated GFR utilizing the CG equation ml/min ) was calculated as follows ( 140 age ) ten ( weight in kilogram ) /serum creatinine ( mg/dl ) x 72 ten ( 0.85 if female ) . Measured creatinine clearance was calculated by 24 hr urine aggregation and utilizing the expression creatinine elimination ( mg/kg per twenty-four hours ) divided by serum creatinine ( mg/dl ) divided by 14.4 ( min/d per dl/ml ) . Data was analyzed utilizing SPSS package.ConsequencesMDRD consequences were expressed in ml/min/1.73m2 and CG consequences in ml/min. Mean GFR by MDRD expression for CKD stages 1 to 5 was 111A30, 77A24, 39A9, 21A6 and 13A4 several(prenominal)ly. Mean GFR by Cockcroft-Gault equation for CKD phase 1 to 5 was 119A28, 78A13, 43A7, 23A3 and 12A2 severally ( table 1 ) . The correlativity coefficient ( R ) between eGFR by MDRD and eGFR by Cockcroft-Gault for CKD phases 1-5 was 0.64 0.31 0.32 0.67 and 0.45 severally ( table 2 ) .Mean and average eGFR by MDRD was 48A40 and 32 ( 58-7 ) severally for all patients. Mean and average eGFR by Cockcroft-Gault was 52A42 and 36 ( 197-7 ) severally for all patients ( table 3 ) .The Cockcroft-Gault equation correlated best with MDRD expression at CKD phase four followed by the phase one. The eGFR by MDRD was lesser as comparison to by CG, in phases 1, 2 and 3.The creatinine clearance by 24 urine aggregation was correlated to the eGFR by MDRD expression. The R value was 0.84 with p value of 0.001. Similarly the creatinine clearance by 24 urine aggregation was correlated to the eGFR by CG expression. The R value was 0.79 with p value of 0.001. ( postpone 4 )DiscussionAccurate measuring of GFR in chronic kidney disease can non be overemphasized. It is particularly of import when GFR reaches tight phase 3 and 4. The of import determination like doing AV fistulous withers and induction of nephritic replacing therapy are taken at this clip.There were more than eight expressions introduced to gauge GFR but only if two viz. Cockcroft-Gault ( CG ) and MDRD got the credence by the medical examination community. The CG reflection was proposed every bit early as 1976 2 . Because of its simpleness and bedside practice, it was readily accepted by the doctors. The CG expression enjoyed this monopoly till the MDRD equation was introduced in 1999 3 .Twenty four hr urine aggregation for Creatinine clearance measuring is non method of pick because of several booby traps. The most of import being the 24 hr urine aggregation is frequently non accurate. In add-on the serum creatinine remains within normal scope in early phases of CKD due to increase cannular secernment ensuing in overestimate of GFR.Using Inulin clearance to mensurate GFR is really cumbrous and non practical for everyday clinical pattern. Alternatively, the radioactive and non-radioactive based markers e.g. Iothalamate, Iohexol, DTPA and EDTA are used. The isotope based GFR measurings are thought to be the most accurate but they are dearly-won and non available in many research labs. therefore their public-service corporation is confined practically to research. They are used as a gilded criterion to formalize the law of eGFR by MDRD or CG equations. In our survey we still used the traditional 24 hr urine aggregation to cipher creatinine clearance. We were really peculiar and thorough in giving the direction to the patients. The rugged correlativity of 24 hr creatinine clearance to eGFR by CG every bit good as MDRD expression goes in favour of our premise that urine aggregation was accurate.MDRD survey equation originally required six-spot variables viz. Serum Creatinine, Serum Albumin, Serum Urea Nitrogen, Gender, Age and Race. Later a simpler four variable equation was proposed and is considered to be a good as six variable equation 3 . This picture MDRD equation requires Serum Creatinine, Age, Gender and Race merely. It does non necessitate Serum Albumin and Serum Urea Nitrogen. The usage of standardised serum creatinine in re-expressed 4 variable MDRD expression improves the truth 4, 5 . Surveies have shown that modification for organic structure surface country improves the truth of Cockcroft-Gault expression 6,7 . The demand of this simpler four variable MDRD equation raised due to trouble of utilizing 6 variable equation on bedside. However still its chief drawback remains the demand of a computing machine.There are a figure of surveies comparing the MDRD to CG expression with variable consequences. Following is the reappraisal of some of import surveies.MDRD equation provides indifferent and moderately accurate estimations crossways broad scope of subgroups when GFR is less than 60 ( CKD Stage 3, 4 & A 5 ) 8 . They besides proved to be dependable for followup in CKD patients in longitudinal surveies 9 .MDRD equation performed better than CG equation in CKD, when GFR was less than 60 ml/min/ 1.73 M2. On the other manus CG equation performed better in healthy kidney givers 10 . CG expression was less precise than MDRD equation in most instances with average GFR of 59.8 ml/ min/ 1.73 M2s 11 .In another survey appraisal of GFR in quondam(a) patients with CKD and average GFR of 53 ml/ min/ 1.73 m2. , the CG Formula was more precise than MDR Formula 12 . In diabetic patients MDRD every bit good as CG expression correlated good with isotopic GFR measurings, but MDRD equation turned-out to be more accurate 13 .In ill hospitalized patients the public presentation of MDRD and CG equation was compared, utilizing Iodine iothalamate as a control. MDRD equation performed better 14 . MDRD Formula as comparison to CG expression underestimates GFR in healthy persons 15 .MDRD expression was more accurate than CG expression in ESRD patients. However MDRD expression underestimated GFR when inulin clearance was more than 8 ml/min/1.73 M2 and overestimated GFR when inulin clearance was less than 8 ml/min/1.73 M2. On the other manus CG expression overestimated GFR when inulin clearance was less than 13 ml/mim/11.73 M2. 16 .In pat ients with CKD but normal serum creatinine, CG Formula was found to be more accurate than MDRD Formula. Measurement of GFR by endogenous and exogenic filtration markers might be the most prudent scheme 17 .DecisionWe conclude that CG Formula correlates with MDRD equation best at CKD stages 4 and overestimated GFR at phases 1, 2, 3. The two expressions may be used interchangeably at phase 4 & A 1. Measurement of 24 hr urine creatinine clearance may still be dependable if patients are counseled decently.Standardization of GFR for organic structure surface country of 1.73 m2.improves the truth of Cockcroft Gualt expression. We speculate that this in bend will better its correlativity with MDRD expression. However we suspect that perplexing the Cockcroft Gualt expression by including the organic structure surface country in equation will diminish its utility on bed side.It is improbable that MDRD expression will replace Cockcroft Gualt expression in clinical medical pattern shortly because of its dependence upon a computing machine plan.

Biographical Data

This paper intends to cook along the following questions 1) Where can a manager find biographic entropy about an employee? 2) What can biographic data tell a manager about their employees? and 3) What can a manager do to get a compatible ability-job fit? It likewise aims to provide examples to support the answers. Where Can a Manager fancy biographic Data About an Employee?A manager can always look for credible biographical data with regards to an employee by requesting such information from the high school or college he or she be (HR draw off to the net profit Personnel Selection Methods Biographical Inventories, 2001, n. p. ). In addition to that, employment records may also be looked into since ones former employers are the ones who may convincingly attest to the employees behavior, consistency, truthfulness, flexibility, as advantageously as, ones ability to think critically (HR Guide to the Internet Personnel Selection Methods Biographical Inventories, 2001, n. p. ).Fu rthermore, special requests to look into court records may also be carried out to check if the employee has been or has non been involved in a crime this will guarantee an employees character (HR Guide to the Internet Personnel Selection Methods Biographical Inventories, 2001, n. p. ). The same is true with credit history if an employer knows about this then he will also know if one may be trusted, for instance, in terms of finances or monetary handling (HR Guide to the Internet Personnel Selection Methods Biographical Inventories, 2001, n. p. ).Last but not least, if a manager wants to know a bit more about personal qualifications or characteristics of an employee, then he or she may always look into the recommendations provided by the employees friends since they are the ones who know the real personality of the employee (HR Guide to the Internet Personnel Selection Methods Biographical Inventories, 2001, n. p. ). What Can a Biographical Data Tell a Manager About their Employees? Reference HR Guide to the Internet Personnel Selection Methods Biographical Inventories. (2001). Retrieved April 11, 2008 from http//www. hr-guide. com/data/G313. htm

Performance Appraisal System Essay

Performance Appraisal System Antronette S. Hancock Axia College of University of phoenix A setance estimation system is a very important part of any productive organization. Both employees and organizational management and leaders benefit from a well-structured murder appraisal system. These systems offer feedback and ripostes to employees who perform well, while at the same time holding employees accountable for their performance. The following report will drag the purpose, benefits, and elements of a safe(p) performance appraisal system, and outline a unique performace appraisal system for a human service organization.The purpose of a performance appraisal system is to provide an evaluation and feedback on an employees performance. Most organizations perform appraisals yearly and may call the appraisal by other terms-such as a review. Even if appraisals argon performed annually, management should comport weekly consultations or meetings with staff to gibe individually e mployee is kept up-to-date with policies and each employee knows what is expected of him or her.A manager should not wait until the closing of a year to let an employee know that there has been a performance problem for the last 8 months. Problems should be addressed as they arise to prevent any surprises during the appraisal process. The evaluation portion of an appraisal system is normally performed by management. During this portion, management evaluates an employees performance to determine if there are any areas that need improvement. Ideally, all employees should be meeting or exceeding organizational standards.If an employee is not meeting standards, or has not met standards at some point within the previous year, his or her appraisal may throw off suggestions for improvement or there may be other consequences as a result of unworthy performace. The feedback portion of an appraisal system normally takes place between management and the employee who is being appraised. Acc ording to Caruth and Humphreys, appraisals should be formalized according to organizational procedure (2008). Feedback should be conducted in a private setting to ensure that the information being passed on is confidential.The manager should thoroughly explain the employees appraisal and encourage the employee to charter questions. The manager should also be attentive to what the employee says so the the employee does not feel like his or her comments or concerns are not important. From an employee viewpoint, the purpose of a performace appraisal is very different than that of the organization. According to Cash, the employee wants to know quad things what do you want me to do, how well have I done it, how can I improve my performance, and reward me for doing well (1993).These are the questions and expectations an employees need to know in order to perform his or her job well. Managers should knead sure employees are aware of expectations each and every day while working. From th e organizational viewpoint, one of the chief(prenominal) purposes of an employee appraisal system is accountability. Employees need to be held accountable for their performance at all times. A good appraisal system outlines each employees responsibilities and performance rates to show accountability. This is especially important in organizations that have areas with overlapping responsibilities.Each employee needs to know specifically what he or she is held accountable for. on that point are many benefits of a good performance appraisal system. One of the benefits is that the appraisal process allows managers to have one-on-one time with employees that they may not get to have on a daily basis. other benefit is that any existing problems can be addressed and, hopefully, solutions can be made so that the problem can be corrected. Appraisals also encourage employees to perform better in the future so that the next appraisal will be positive.Consider the following unique appraisal s ystem for a human service organization. Each employee will be evaluated yearly. The evaluation will be based on three areas work performance, attendance, and innovation. Work performace will acquire the biggest portion of the appraisal score because there are many factors involved. Work performance will be based on organizational standards, accuracy rates, opportuneness standards, and customer satisfaction. Attendance scores will be based on the employees attendance storey for the previous year.And Innovation scores will be given based on any ideas the employee has bugger off up with to improve organizational processes or cut organizational costs. Once the scores are determined, a final appraisal score is given to the employee. Employees can compare these scores from year to year to teach if his or her performance is acceptable for the organization. Employee appraisal systems are very beneficial for both employees and the organization. Appraisals provide feedback to employees con cerning their performance and also holds each employee accountable.

Marketing Plan for Magnum in Vietnam Essay

commercializeing whoremaster be defined as Marketing is the activity, personate of institutions, and processes for creating, communicating, delivering, and exchanging offerings that have nurture for nodes, clients, partners, and society at large (Ameri arsehole Marketing Association Board of Director) Base on this definition, Marketing is the set of activities and processes with the purpose that pander the customers, clients, partners and society. In general, it can be said that merchandise is the process that combine each(prenominal) smart set activities to quit the customers and, in the end, get profit from customers satisfaction. 2. Element in selling processMarketing process includes five elements analysis situation, marketing scheme, marketing mix decision and instruction execution and control. Analysis situation is first step in marketing process. In this step, comp whatever has to collect information, entropy and figure to understand internal and external enviro nment. Based on the result of the analysis, company can prefigure the trend of market and compute that whether its ability can adapt with the market or not. In stage to carry out this step, the company can do three analyses below PESTEL analysis Political, Economic, Social, Technology, Ecological and healthy are five macro-economic factors.They are rattling important for company to evaluate the market and decide whether it can develop strongly in this market or not. SWOT analysis This method helps company differentiate its strong and weakness, also the opportunity and thread. Understand these things can make company developing much(prenominal) immutable and limit the risk. It can use the strong to limit the thread and the opportunity to reform the Strong and invite out weakness. The meaning of the SWOT analysis can be described in the idiom He who sees by dint of life and death will meet most success 5C analysis 5 C factor company, customers, competitors, collaborators and Climate.In these things, company helps the firms understand the internal environment, and 4 otherwise help it understand the external environment. only of three analysis methods will help company understand the situation to relieve oneself the suitable strategy in marketing plan to get achievement. The second step in marketing process is marketing strategy. Of course, after finish situation analysis, company has to make strategy decision in marketing derriere on the analysis result. In this step, company has to identify the requirement of market and choose the suitable strategy to run business.It has to do the segmentation, the target market selection, the positioning the product and the proposition to the target market. In adjoining step, the firm has to design tactical plan to achieve the purpose. It will make decision for the marketing mix. It includes 4 P Price Place of distribution resultion Promotion. When these things are completed, company will go to the concl uding step implement and controlling. Because the demand of market can change quickly, company has to monitor all the changes of market to have the change in marketing mix to adapt with the market and create the competitive expediency with competitor.Marketing process II. Marketing orientation course 1. Definition Marketing orientation is a company school of thought aim to meet the needs and wants of customers. There are five type of marketing orientation * production orientation * Production orientation * Market Orientation * Sales Orientation * Social Orientation a. Product orientation Product orientation is one of the marketing concepts, which focus on the product innovation to satisfy demand of customers. b. Production orientation This kind of orientation focuses to the quantity of product.It existed in 1950s the development result of industry in Europe and American. At this period, the firms make massive products to decrease the cost and product with colossal quantity. The firms do not care roughly whether its product can meet the needs or not. This school of thought is popular in that period because it is the time which has many inventions and people have huge demand for well-nighthing stark naked and strange. The clear example for this philosophy is Ford. It produced many car in that time with just only semblance black and it has many successes with this orientation.Today, this philosophy is no longer popular, but still exist in some industry that produce common product such as toothpick, CDs or DVD. c. Sales Orientation The neighboring orientation is sales orientation. This philosophy is applied when the company uses aggressive sales. They believe that they will make more sales and more profit when they use aggressive sales method. With these kinds of company, they will focus on procession product and train the aggressive sales force, which helps them carry out the sale method. The level-headed example for this philosophy should be ins urance company.The dis benefit of this philosophy, same as production orientation, is that it does not focus to the customers requirement. It just tries to sales product as much as possible. d. Societal orientation Societal orientation is the marketing concept that provides the long-term do good for customers and shows its responsibility with social. The products of these companies have same features such as good for health, no harm environment and creating the long-term benefit for customers. They advertise the product through the charity activities. e. Market orientationThe last philosophy, also the main philosophy that is applied to Kinh Do Corporation, is market orientation. This orientation focuses on the customers needs and wants. The company produces product, which can satisfy the customer and use the customers satisfaction to create the profit. The benefit and cost of market orientation of Kinh Do Corporation will be discussed more in next part. 2. Evaluation cost and benef it of Market orientation in Kinh Do Corporation As the assignment mentioned above, Market Orientation focuses on the customers needs and wants and the company will get profit base on the customers satisfaction.The relationship between customers satisfaction and companys profit is shown in the graph below As the chart shows, when the firm applies the marketing orientation, it will identify the demand of customers. After that, the firm will use the selective information from marketing department, and connect all the activities of company to carry out the plan, which has the purpose that satisfies the customer. When the customers are satisfied, they will create many benefits for the company, not only money, but also helps company advertise free with the word of babble out method.Kinh Do Corporation applies the marketing orientation, so it also gets the benefit from customers satisfaction. a. Benefits from Market orientation The first benefit for Kinh Do when applying Market Orientatio n is advertising free because of the word of mouth. With the suitable marketing plan, Kinh Do can satisfy the customers and improve the relationship between customers and company. With focus on the demand of customers, Kinh Do can improve the level of customer, from customer satisfaction to customer retention and customer loyalty.After getting success to satisfy customers, customers will loyal with Kinh Dos product and will buy it again. Besides, they will recommend to other people about Kinh Dos product and so, Kinh Do will have more and more customers. That is the benefit when Kinh Do wants to launch Magnum ice cream. With the huge amount of loyalty customers and retening customers, Kinh Do can well introduce new product to the market because the loyalty customers and retention customers willing welcoming and buying any product of Kinh Do, as long as it still satisfies their demand.The second benefit is that decreasing the legal injury sensitive. This is very important when Kinh Do wants to sell magnum in Vietnam, because Magnum ice cream is premium product, so it has higher price compare with the domestic ice cream. However, with customer loyalty and customer retention, they will not care about the price of product. If it is suitable with their payment ability, they will buy and support for this product. Last but not least, Kinh Do also can receive the long-term profit from market philosophy.When Kinh Do can satisfy the customers and life their loyalty, Kinh Do will gain a huge market share and so, create the stable inhalation network for its product. After getting profit from customers satisfaction, Kinh Do can also use the profit to raiment for new technology or new plan to expand the business and create the competitive advantage with its competitors. Launching Magnum ice cream is one of the important strategies of Kinh Do to get the market share in premium ice cream market.Finally, we can see the different between Kinh Do and Vinamilk- the two bigge st food, throw and beverage companies in Vietnam. Vinamilk applies the societal orientation. It advertises its product through some charity programs such as dairy farm budget for children in Vietnam. The market share of Ki Do the ice cream brand score of Kinh do- is about 45,8%, equal double the market share of Vinamilk (about 20,8%). It can be seen that market orientation creates more benefit and stronger competitive advantage than other orientation. III. Effect of buyer behavior IV. Positioning

Leader-Management-Exchange (LMX) Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Leader-Management-Exchange (LMX) - Coursework ExampleHowever, since these leaders do not have more time and military root on their hands, they seek to narrow down their radar to focus their attention on those members who seem to capitalise on the leadership outcome that is the extent of the relationship. The theories prior to the leader-member-exchange theory either focused too much on the leader or on the members. The LMX, on the other hand, has a different approach, whereby it considers the relationship surrounded by the leaders and the members as an primal element that contributes to leader effectiveness. Also unlike other theories that considered the entire group of members as a whole, the LMX judges each individual separately. According to the dealings and agreements in the midst of the members and the leaders, the theory identifies both different types of relationships. The two distinct relationships that are found after application of the LMX include the in-group and t he out-group. There is a set of people within the members group that tend to go further than and achieve more than what their pass judgment roles would limit them to, this set of people also take up a more productive and spaciotemporal approach to the tasks they need to complete. This set of people makes up the in-group that is shown as the high woodland of the LMX with positive results. Characteristics of the in-group populate of negotiations by the members to develop and increase their role ahead of their think over prescriptions, mutual trust, respect and concern between the leaders and the members.... The out-group is formed by the set of members who work hard enough, only to complete the contractual requirements of their job prescriptions, nothing more. There is a low degree of enthusiasm compared to the in-group and they do not receive whatsoever form of special attention from the leaders, nor any additional perks or promotions. Even though the leader tries to break-dan ce the degree of interaction, the out-group member does not show much interest and remains self-concerned. Therefore, the out-group is a low quality LMX and bequeaths average level outcomes. It is argued that the existence of these two unique groups is somewhat discriminating and de-motivating, however they will pass over to exist and the leader must constantly make an effort to expand the in-group of the agreement. The quality of outcomes that the LMX is able to provide is under effect of several factors that may enhance it if controlled properly, however, if these factors are left casually undecided, they may really well result in average or possible less than average LMX outcome. Communication plays an important element in deciding the quality of the LMX. Individual interaction and communication with the leaders and the coworkers allows for a sense of belonging for the subordinates to build, making them feel like a significant part of the organization that matters. This resu lts in a high quality LMX. When the leader of a group has authority that reaches higher on the ladder of an organization enabling him/her to have a good say in managerial decisions, task assignment and murder review, the members tend to be more motivated and confident, eventually leading to a good LMX. Sometimes

Plato Republic Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Plato commonwealth - Essay ExampleThe Socratic dialogue that was written by Plato around 380 BC focuses on shaping what is justice and character as well as the order of a just man. This piece of Socratic dialogue further seeks to establish if indeed a just man is happier than a man who is unjust. In particular, this essay aims at supporting the arguments that were presented by Plato of which the main argument is that the best form of presidential term, noblesse, depart in conclusion devolve into the worst form of governing body tyranny. This key argument is built on the premise that there be five forms of governments that comprise of lovers of honor to a fault cognise as timocracy. The punt form of government is lovers of money also known as oligarchy. The third form of government is lovers of freedom also known as democracy. The fourth form of government is the tyranny while the fifth form of government is the lovers of excellence, which is also known as the aristocracy or enlightened monarchy. Objectors of key premises Of all the five forms of government, aristocracy is touted to the best since it is widely considered good and just. However, a common objection to this argument is that individuals, who ar from the highest class of the society, are the ones posed to lead an aristocrat government and they usually have money, land, and power. Objectors show that in general sense, aristocrats are not able to relate with the common person and therefore, they testament not be able to rede what is justice and good governance in the eyes of the common persons who ordinarily make up the biggest percentage of the population The key premise of the Platos argument is that the aristocracy government depart eventually alter to the worst form of government tyranny. Objections to this premise lies on the fact that the best form of government normally makes provisions that will allow active citizen participation and healthy engagement with the opposition, whi ch means that there will be measures of checks and balance to ensure the aristocrat government does not sway to undesirable form of government. Therefore, objectors argue that there is no possibility for an aristocrat government devolving to become the worst form of government tyranny. some other key objection to the premise that have been presented by Plato is the fact that governments are not purely do up of specific groups of people, for example, those who love money, honor, freedom, or excellence. Objectors argues that it is impossible to have such unique forms of governments because government is constitute of a representation of the people and therefore, it will be made up of people from different corners of the nation who subscribe to different ideologies but have a common purpose of serving the interest of their constituents. Replies to the objections aristocracy government is made up of noble men who have worked hard in their entire sustenance in order to even earn hon orary titles if not entitled to them by virtue of family lineage. Therefore, they will instill the virtue of hard work to the common citizens whilst providing servant leadership. Secondly, the objections given above can be refuted on the basis that aristocrat have a reputation to maintain and therefore, in all graphic sense they will work towards ensuring their reputation in maintained and upheld to the highest standards. Thirdly, because of the representation of constituents in the government, the aristocracy government will be able to know and understand the plight of the common citizens. Plato argued that the best form of government, aristocracy, will eventually devolve into the worst form of government tyranny. This argument is supported by the fact that the second generation after